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My printers have been gone over - built or re-built with a careful eye/hand towards everything being assembled well and using quality parts. But that still does not negate the possibility of one catching fire.

I have been sitting here and had a power glitch happen - very brief outage - printer stopped moving, heaters remained on, plastic melting away...

No amount of firmware updates are going to correct that kind of issue. The ONLY thing that corrected it was me being here and killing power to the printer.

You keep wording things like there are written rules to follow. Unless a product has a certification like UL or ETC,  then there are no rules and you buy it knowing that it has not met any testing other than the makers and may or may not be safe.

If you want the safest then you as a buyer look for certifications which most printers don't have. Otherwise you just have to hope be mindful of your machine.

With that said
RULE #1 check the wiring and secure all screws upon receiving.
RULE #2 make sure firmware has protection for over/under temp, even for prolonged homing. Sometimes switches go dead and homing is impossible, yet motor will crank forever. My printers firmware has protection even against that.

With that said, UPDATE your firmware.

tonycstech wrote:

Every printer must have over temp under temp shut down function, much like pretty much all popular printers have.
Robo3D does (thanks to community) and even chinese piece of crap named FLyingbear (agains, thanks to community)

It seems like the community is the only thing that can save your house from burning down.
Clearly printers from factory do not come flashed with firmware that prevent such thing.
Where do they even get their firmware to begin with ? Why cant they just copy from some other printer MFG and make few changes to accommodate their design ? Its all open source anyway.

Idiots.

Wrong - the only thing that can prevent your house from burning down is YOU paying attention to the machine while it is running.

Exactly. It does not matter what traps they put in the firmware.

The number one reason most printers go into thermal runaway is because the logic locks up.

That means the firmware is no longer running and the processor is no longer monitoring the process so the firmware is unable to intervene.

As Heartless said the best way is to watch it. Don't run it when away or asleep either. WHEN the logic locks up, not IF the system will go into thermal runaway and the heaters will continue to heat until something burns up and opens. Now how much burns down before that happens is anybodies guess.

Until they redesign boards and logic so there are watchdog circuits included that run independent of the processor and firmware there will always be a danger of thermal runaway.

Ideally all boards should have a supervisor circuit that runs independent of the processor and firmware that monitors the heartbeat of the CPU and checks that firmware is executing. IF either stop the supervisor will try to reset the board which should kill everything back to idle. If that fails it cuts AC power to the system.

This would add more expense to the boards and well we all know how most of these boards being Chinese are made as minimal as possible to save cost.

Every printer must have over temp under temp shut down function, much like pretty much all popular printers have.
Robo3D does (thanks to community) and even chinese piece of crap named FLyingbear (agains, thanks to community)

It seems like the community is the only thing that can save your house from burning down.
Clearly printers from factory do not come flashed with firmware that prevent such thing.
Where do they even get their firmware to begin with ? Why cant they just copy from some other printer MFG and make few changes to accommodate their design ? Its all open source anyway.

Idiots.

Wrong - the only thing that can prevent your house from burning down is YOU paying attention to the machine while it is running.

It seems like the community is the only thing that can save your house from burning down.
Clearly printers from factory do not come flashed with firmware that prevent such thing.
Where do they even get their firmware to begin with ? Why cant they just copy from some other printer MFG and make few changes to accommodate their design ? Its all open source anyway.

Idiots.

For sake of conversation on safety, if using a Sang/Rumba/etc, the wires may loosen out of the power terminals causing sparks and melting and other problems. A Printrboard uses a barrel connector which would make a safer connection.

Halas, the printrbot is also susceptible to this kind of problem. Had recently to change the connector on mid edue to overheating. That's the kind of problem that make you think about safety!

The possibility of 3D printer catching fire usually DOES NOT depend on a particular manufacturer of printer, because most manufacturers are using the similar parts. Instead, the possibility of fire usually depends on the version of firmware that is installed !

Actually - the greater majority of 3d printer fires are caused by loose electrical connections which allow arcing to occur.

RAMPS boards are famous for burning out the main power connector because over time the screw terminal loosens up (multiple heat/cool cycles)
and people do not recheck these to make sure they stay tight.

and I agree that one should not leave the printer running unattended. starting a printer and leaving the room/house - or going to bed! - is just begging for trouble.

Additionally weird quirks such as momentary power outages are not handled well by many boards. I had a Samguinololu board freeze with a brief power blip with all fets in the ON position. Resetting the board solved the issue, but had I not been there, thermal runaway protection would have failed to stop a fire as the firmware was clearly no longer executing its main loop and the board processor wound up in an inconsistent state. A UPS with high sensitivity to power variation at the mains would likely remove this potential vulnerability.

I use this UPS. It is very important that you get a pure sine wave UPS or you may not like the reaction of your power supply when battery power kicks in. Square waves are a very inefficient signal source for most power supplies as they are designed under the assumption of a mostly perfect sine wave.
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0042 … &psc=1

/*================== Thermal Runaway Protection ==============================
This is a feature to protect your printer from burn up in flames if it has a thermistor coming off place (this happened to a friend of mine recently and motivated me writing this feature).

The issue: If a thermistor come off, it will read a lower temperature than actual. The system will turn the heater on forever, burning up the filament and anything else around.

After the temperature reaches the target for the first time, this feature will start measuring for how long the current temperature stays below the target
minus _HYSTERESIS (set_temperature – THERMAL_RUNAWAY_PROTECTION_HYSTERESIS).

If it stays longer than _PERIOD, it means the thermistor temperature cannot catch up with the target, so something *may be* wrong. Then, to be on the safe side, the system will he halt.

Bear in mind the count down will just start AFTER the first time the thermistor temperature is over the target, so you will have no problem if your extruder heater takes 2 minutes to hit the target on heating.*/